Ekiyumba ekiweza farrowing .

In indoor intensive systems, pregnant gilts/sows (female pigs) are moved to a farrowing crate, also known as a piglet protection pen, approximately a week before farrowing (giving birth) [1]. Farrowing crates confine sows so that they are unable to turn around. Some indoor systems may have farrowing pens which can be adjusted to either provide the sow freedom to move or be confined to protect Embizzi okuva mu kunyigirizibwa. okusibwa kw’ensozi kugendereddwamu okukuuma embizzi obutanyigirizibwa, naddala mu kiseera ky’okulunda (okuzaala) n’ennaku eziddako ng’akabi k’okubetenta kali waggulu. amatazi agakuba enjala, n’obusobozi bw’okusooka okusigala mu nnaku z’obusibe, okusobozesa okuyingiza abaana mu ngeri ennyangu ku mbaga ezisookerwako ezibeerawo mu kusooka okubeera mu bulamu obutono obubeerawo mu bulamu obutono obubaawo mu bulamu obutono obubaawo mu bulamu obutono obuli mu bulamu obutono obubaawo mu bulamu obutono obuli mu bulamu bw’oku ssennyiga omuwala omutono (rectures) 1}.

In outdoor extensive systems, pregnant gilts/sows are moved to farrowing huts located in an outdoor area or paddock. The farrowing huts are usually bedded with straw and are big enough to allow the female pig to turn and walk around easily. Some huts may also have guards around the front of the hut that sows can easily step over to get outside but keeps piglets in the hut during their first few days or weeks of Obulamu. .

Farrowing crates confine the sow but give piglets room to access the udder, as well as a separate creep area away from the sow to keep them warm and protected, whereas farrowing huts allow the sow and her piglets (from around 1-2 weeks of age) to access the outdoor area. The sow has access to the farrowing hut or remains in the farrowing crate for 3-4 weeks after farrowing, at which Ekiseera embizzi ze ziggibwa ku mabeere ne zisengukira mu nnyumba y’amabeere. oluvannyuma lw’okuggya ku mabeere, ensolo ejja kutera okudda ‘ku-bugumu’ (ezaaliddwa) mu nnaku ntono. mu kifo kino, SOW eddamu okutuusibwa okuyita mu kussa mu kibinja eky’ekikugu ekitera okuzingiramu okusibibwa mu kiyumba ky’okugatta okumala ennaku eziwera, era oluvannyuma ne kiddizibwa mu kibinja{6}

In indoor systems, weaned piglets are grown out in group pens with concrete floors or slats with or without bedding. In semi-indoor systems (outdoor bred or bred free range), the piglets grow out in large, deep-bedded shelters (also known as ecoshelters) with bedding (such as straw or rice hulls). Whereas in outdoor systems (free range), weaned piglets may be Ekuziddwa mu bifo ebifaanagana eby’ebitanda naye nga waliwo ekifo eky’ebweru ekissiddwaako oba mu bifo eby’ebweru nga mulimu ebifo ebitonotono.

Waliwo enkola endala eziwerako ez’okuloopa mu bibokisi eby’ennono eby’okulimira, nga SOW ziyinza okusibirwa okumala ekiseera ekitono oba nga tezisibiddwa n’akatono. enkola ez’ekiseera ez’ebikopo zikoma ku kusiga amangu ddala nga tezinnabaawo era mu kiseera ky’okugaliza, awamu n’ennaku ezisooka oluvannyuma lw’okuliirako naye olwo ne ziggulwawo okusobozesa okusiba eddembe ly’okuliiramu akabi {1} kuno akabi akali mu kugwa kw’omusuwa gw’okusannyalala okw’omutama crushing, which is most likely to occur during farrowing and in the first two-to-three days after farrowing. However, immediately before farrowing is also the period that a sow is most motivated to perform nest building behaviours and thus can become frustrated if unable to move around and access nesting materials. During and immediately after farrowing are the periods that sows are likely to perform comfort behaviours to ease the pain from farrowing and interact n’embizzi zaabwe okuteekawo ekiyungo kya maama, era nga nabo tebasobola kukola mangu nga basibiddwa mu ssanduuko y’okuzaala.

Alternative farrowing systems where the sow is not confined at all and is able to move freely include individual or group farrowing pens with or without group suckling of piglets (used in indoor systems), indoor farrowing pens with access to an outdoor area, and outdoor farrowing huts located in paddocks (free-range or outdoor-bred systems). Gilts/sows in free-farrowing systems, where they are not confined, balagiddwa okulaga enneeyisa ezitali za bulijjo n’obulumi obutono mu kiseera ky’okuwasa . nga kiwa eddembe okutambula mu kiseera ky’okuzaala n’okuyonsa nakyo kikubiriza enkolagana ya maama n’embizzi era kiyinza okukubiriza okuyonsa okw’obutonde okusingawo n’okuggya ku mabeere g’embizzi .

Providing sows with suitable nesting material is critical for their welfare. For example, providing straw prior to farrowing so that they can perform nesting behaviours can decrease stress and pain levels in sows, as well as improve piglet survival and development​. Further, to allow for innate foraging behaviour, sows in farrowing crates should be provided with appropriate foraging material that are edible and/or otherwise satisfy the sow's Yeetaaga okukamula, okunoonyereza n'okukozesa ebintu n'okukola substrates mu mbeera ye.

While alternative farrowing systems currently available are often associated with slightly higher piglet mortality rates than traditional farrowing crates, they can significantly improve sow welfare during gestation, farrowing and lactation until weaning​. The improvements in animal welfare can also benefit piglet welfare in the long term, improving piglet development and behaviour (e.G., increased weight gain and decreased aggressive damaging behaviours towards other pigs), ekiyinza okuvaako okulongoosa mu nkola y’okufulumya okutwalira awamu.